CPAP: Practical guide to comfort, masks and troubleshooting

Using CPAP every night can feel awkward at first, but small changes make a big difference. This page gives clear, useful tips you can try tonight: how to pick a mask, stop leaks, reduce dryness, and keep your machine clean without wasting time.

Choose the right mask and set up

There are three common mask types: nasal pillows (tiny seals under your nostrils), nasal masks (cover your nose), and full‑face masks (cover nose and mouth). If you breathe through your mouth, try a full‑face or add a chin strap with a nasal mask. Nasal pillows are great if you move a lot or wear glasses.

Pressure settings usually sit between 4 and 20 cmH2O. If the pressure feels too strong when you start, use the ramp feature—this starts lower and gently increases to your prescribed pressure while you fall asleep. If you still feel uncomfortable, ask your supplier about an auto‑adjusting (APAP) machine; it changes pressure through the night to match your needs.

Fit matters more than brand. Tight straps can cause pain and leaks; loose straps let air escape. Aim for a seal with light tension—enough to stop leaks, not enough to leave marks. Replace mask cushions every 1–3 months and full masks every 6–12 months for the best fit.

Quick fixes, cleaning and habits that improve use

Common problem: leaks. First, check the mask fit and strap tension. If air escapes around the nose, try a nasal pillow or different cushion size. If the mouth opens, consider a full‑face mask or chin strap. Minor leaks often stop after simple repositioning while lying down.

Dry mouth or nasal congestion? Turn on the heated humidifier or raise humidity one step at a time. If you get congestion from humid air, switch to filtered room air or lower the humidity. Using a saline nasal spray before bed can also help breathing with a nasal mask.

Cleaning should be quick: wash the mask cushion and frame with mild soap and warm water daily, rinse well, and air dry. Tubing and water chambers need a weekly wash. Replace disposable filters monthly and check non‑disposable filters for dust weekly. This routine prevents smells and keeps pressure steady.

Travel tips: bring a travel CPAP or battery pack if you’ll be away from power. Use a pillow cut for CPAP users to keep the mask from shifting. Most airports allow CPAP through security—carry your prescription and a copy of your device manual.

If claustrophobia or anxiety blocks use, practice wearing the mask during short daytime naps or while watching TV without the machine running, then add the airflow slowly. Talk to your sleep clinic about desensitization strategies or a mask fitting appointment.

Finally, track your usage. Most machines record nightly hours and leak data. Aim for consistent nightly use and bring data to follow‑up visits—small fixes often show quick improvements in comfort and results.